The Explore Nepal

Kathmandu Valley

Nepal is unique in having such diverse peoples and cultures within a small land area. The peoples and their cultures are as disparate as the ecological areas they inhabit. Their religions, too, are reflected in their cultures. There are Hindus of different castes, Buddhists and Muslims and a sprinkling of Christians. All live in multicultural harmony.

The rich tapestry of the cultural heritage of Nepal is synthesized in the Kathmandu Valley. It is the site of the ancient and sophisticated Newari culture. The Newars are the indigenous inhabitants of the Valley. They created the splendid civilization of its three cities, Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur.

The cultural fabric of the Kathmandu Valley was woven by Lichhivi and Malla medieval rulers. Their extraordinary vision helped to enrich the Valley culture.

Kathmandu, the most important of the 3 cities of the valley, was once a small Newari city. In a lush farmed landscape it contained as many temples, stupas and shrines as residents. Now, population growth, urban migration and vehicles have changed it. Its treasures are both more striking and more hidden in the new landsape. The magic of Durbah Square with Newari temples and shrines is still unspoilt. The most revered Hindu temple of Pashupathi is equally majestic. And the huge Buddhist stupas in Boudhanath and Swayambhu are still breathtaking. The many shrines and sculptures, however, smaller in size, are often hidden. They are treasures to discover amidst the bustle of the new city life.

Patan, adjoining Kathmandu, is more contained and less overwhelmed. Its superb Durbah Square, housing also one of the best museums in the world, is as it ever was. The many temples and shrines are easily visible. The impressive craftsmanship of Patan Newars appears all over the city. Fine copper and brass statues and paintings, exported around the world, are lovely. They reflect the art of the Buddhist and Hindu culture.

Bhaktapur is a half hour drive from Patan or Kathmandu. It is still populated almost exclusively by Newars and is even more preserved. The streets are lined with both residential and temple Newari architecture. Wandering through them is a quite unique and extraordinary experience.

Bandipur

Bandipur is a picturesque town located on a hill top between Kathmandu and Pokhara. A drive up from the main road leads to this small, relaxed, enchanting Newari town. It was once used as a resting stop for Newars on a trade route to Tibet.

The town has changed little over centuries. It has a beautiful blend of Newari and Rana neo-classical architecture. Its mountain views of the Himalayas cover the entire Annapurna range. The great Marshyandi river valley is also visible far below the snow capped mountains. The setting together with its dazzling views makes it a special place to enjoy.

Lumbini

Lying in the southern plains of the country, Lumbini is the birthplace of the Buddha. Buddhist pilgrims from around the world come to visit this site. It contains many religious Buddhist relics dating back hundreds or thousands of years. Lumibini has been a famous pilgrimage site for centuries. The pillar of Lumbini and relics of Maurya, Sunga and Kusan dynasties all indicate this.

Nearby there is a bird sanctuary for different endangered species of birds. Of particular interest are the saras cranes. Siddartha Gautam treated this crane’s ancestors two and a half centuries ago. Other natural sites in the area include wetlands and bushland. These are enjoyed for birds and different species of wildlife.

Janakpur

Janakpur is an important pilgrimage site for Hindus. Its central attraction is the Janaki temple, dedicated to Sita. She, the Hindu goddess and wife of Lord Rama, was born here. Both are central characters of the Hindu epic, the Ramayana. Janakpur’s other attractions are the sacred ponds for ritual baths scattered. The two most important are close to the Janaki temple, Dhanush and Ganga Sagar.

The city is also known for its Maithili art. This features Lord Buddha as a subject as well as Hindu gods and goddesses. Maithili local customs are also portrayed. There are paintings on houses as well as temples, reflecting the art as a people’s art.